By TAYLER BROWN
Cronkite News
PHOENIX – The Boeing 757 is minutes from takeoff to the Grand Canyon, but the interior lacks that airliner feel – its silver insulation is exposed, its overhead luggage bins and row upon row of seats gone.
Even the preflight patter with passengers is different. You’ll have to watch your step, test pilot Helmuth Eggeling tells the 25 or so passengers onboard, but instead of tripping over other passengers’ feet, they’ll have to avoid stumbling in a cabin full of wires and electronic equipment.
Eggeling, a test pilot for Honeywell International Inc. for nearly three decades, is surrounded by cabinets stacked with computers to precisely monitor the performance of new equipment on the test flight: new weather-radar systems, WiFi with improved connectivity and a third, more efficient turbofan jet engine attached to the fuselage for testing.
‘Testing planes in an era of congested skies’
Honeywell develops and tests aviation systems in Arizona during an era of flight considered one of the safest in modern history, even though deadly accidents can occur, such as what happened on a Southwest Airlines flight when a passenger died last month when she was partly sucked out of a window shattered by engine debris.
Honeywell, and other aerospace industry leaders such as Boeing and Airbus, test new technology in conditions ranging from extreme weather to bustling runways.
Aviation manufacturers also are looking toward a more automated future that could include planes piloted by computers rather than humans, similar to the emerging driverless-cars industry.
Mark Pickett, a flight test engineer for Honeywell’s aerospace division, said Phoenix is prime air space to test new technology.
“The weather is great for flying here,” Pickett said.
The scorching heat, which has forced airlines to ground some commercial flights, is ideal for testing new engines’ ability to withstand intense conditions thousands of feet in the air, engineers said.
According to the Arizona Commerce Authority, Arizona ranks fourth nationwide in generating aerospace revenue, which totals to more than $14 billion for the state’s aerospace industry.
Honeywell develops a range of aviation technology, from small aircraft engines to electrical systems, called avionics, that perform such functions as weather and terrain detection, runway navigation and autopilot control, company engineers said
“The philosophy is to get everything automated to reduce the pilot’s workload,” Eggeling said. “It’s necessary because the sky is getting crowded.”
According to the Federal Aviation Administration, as many as 5,000 domestic flights are in the air at peak times every day, serving more than 2.5 million passengers.
Aviation-technology manufacturers must go through a strict FAA certification process to ensure every piece of new technology meets safety standards, Honeywell spokeswoman Amanda Jensen said, adding that safety regulations and improvements bring peace of mind to passengers.
“Weather radar helps with safety because you don’t have to fly through any rough weather,” Jensen said, and that makes passengers more comfortable.
The comforts of in-flight WiFi, better air-conditioning and smoother landings are important to frequent flyers, she said, which drives Honeywell’s strategy on what technology to develop.
‘Technology that may replace pilots with computers’
The biggest development in the distant future may be pilotless airline flights, sparked by new drone technology.
FAA regulations require two pilots to be in the cockpit on all commercial flights, but that could change if drone and pilotless systems become more popular, said Dennis Wren, a professor of unmanned aerial systems at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Prescott.
One pilot might take the plane into the air while her co-pilot stays on the ground, even handling multiple planes at one time, he said. The technology that pilots drones is similar to that of planes, he said.
Major airlines may be incentivized to adopt pilotless-aircraft technology because it’s less expensive than hiring human pilot, Wren said.
Pilotless commercial flights would require leaping over emotional, strategic and technological hurdles, including updated regulations and public fears, he said. Passengers are comfortable with autopilot systems because they know humans are in the cockpit as a backup, but a pilotless plane is beyond the imagination of most people.
Computers are good at flying when they know what to expect, he said, but may have trouble adjusting to situations experienced human pilots routinely handle, such as storms, wind shears or equipment failures.
“Aviation, the actual act of flying, is a very dynamic environment,” Wren said.
Airlines may be spurred to adopt pilotless technology so they can cut costs and hire fewer human pilots, Wren said.
The airfreight industry may adopt fully autonomous-piloting sooner than commercial airlines do, he said, adding, “The two worlds are already starting to meet.”
FAA spokesman Ian Gregor said the agency isn’t aware of any commercial airlines proposing automated piloting services. But media reports said Uber signed a deal with NASA last year to launch a flying taxi project by 2020.
Eggeling, whose final test flight was this Phoenix-Grand Canyon loop, said he doesn’t think passengers would embrace about pilotless airplanes.
“I hate to see the pilotless type of flying,” he said. “I hope I never see that.”
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